Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propylene Over Vanadium Oxide Catalyst Supported on Alumina

Abstract

Propylene is a vital petrochemical feedstock extensively utilized in the production of polymers, chemicals, and industrial intermediates. The present study investigates the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene over vanadium oxide catalyst supported on alumina under controlled reaction conditions. The research focuses on evaluating catalytic activity, propylene selectivity, propane conversion efficiency, and catalyst stability associated with vanadium oxide-based catalytic systems. Experimental analysis was conducted to examine the influence of reaction temperature, oxygen-to-propane ratio, catalyst loading, gas hourly space velocity, and support characteristics on oxidative dehydrogenation performance and product distribution. Results demonstrate that vanadium oxide supported on alumina effectively promotes propane activation and selective oxidative dehydrogenation through surface redox mechanisms, resulting in enhanced propylene formation with reduced coke deposition compared with conventional non-oxidative dehydrogenation processes. The study further reveals that optimized oxygen concentration and reaction temperature significantly improve propane conversion and propylene selectivity while minimizing complete oxidation to carbon oxides. Catalyst characterization indicates that alumina support contributes to improved dispersion of active vanadium species and enhanced thermal stability during prolonged operation. Comparative assessment with traditional steam cracking technologies confirms the advantages of oxidative dehydrogenation, including lower energy demand, improved operational efficiency, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.