Geochemical Mapping of Trace Element Distribution in Agricultural Soils Near Phosphate Fertilizer Plants

Abstract

Phosphate fertilizer production facilities are significant sources of trace element emissions that can accumulate in surrounding agricultural soils and potentially affect soil quality, crop productivity, and environmental health. The present study investigates the geochemical mapping of trace element distribution in agricultural soils located near phosphate fertilizer plants under varying environmental and land-use conditions. The research focuses on evaluating the spatial distribution, concentration patterns, contamination intensity, and ecological implications of trace elements associated with industrial activities. Experimental analysis was conducted using systematic soil sampling, geochemical characterization, and spatial interpolation techniques to assess the distribution of trace elements such as cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic, zinc, and fluoride in agricultural soils surrounding fertilizer production areas. Results demonstrate that elevated concentrations of trace elements are predominantly associated with zones located in close proximity to industrial emission sources, indicating strong influence of atmospheric deposition and industrial waste dispersal. The study further reveals that soil physicochemical properties, prevailing wind direction, and agricultural management practices significantly influence contaminant distribution and mobility within the soil environment. Geochemical mapping and contamination assessment indices identified localized hotspots with elevated ecological risk and potential impacts on agricultural sustainability. Comparative evaluation with regional soil quality standards confirms the necessity for continuous environmental monitoring and pollution mitigation strategies in industrially influenced agricultural regions.