Stability Enhancement of Large-Scale Power Transmission Networks Using Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Devices

Abstract

The increasing complexity and growing demand for electrical power transmission have created significant challenges in maintaining voltage stability, power quality, and reliable operation of large-scale power transmission networks. Conventional transmission infrastructures often experience issues such as voltage instability, transmission congestion, reactive power imbalance, and reduced system reliability under heavily loaded and dynamically changing operating conditions. This research presents a stability enhancement approach for large-scale power transmission networks using Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices to improve power flow control, voltage regulation, and overall network performance. The proposed study investigates the integration of FACTS devices such as Static VAR Compensators, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors, and Unified Power Flow Controllers within transmission systems to dynamically regulate power transmission parameters and enhance operational stability. Mathematical modeling and simulation analysis are employed to evaluate the impact of FACTS-based compensation on voltage profile improvement, reactive power management, transient stability, and oscillation damping under varying load conditions and network disturbances. The study further examines system behavior during fault conditions and heavy loading scenarios to assess the effectiveness of FACTS devices in reducing transmission instability and improving power transfer capability. Performance evaluation is conducted using parameters such as voltage stability index, power loss reduction, transmission efficiency, damping response, reactive power compensation, and system reliability. Simulation results demonstrate that the integration of FACTS devices significantly enhances transmission network stability, minimizes voltage fluctuations, and improves dynamic power flow control compared with conventional transmission management methods. The findings further reveal improved operational flexibility and enhanced fault recovery capability in large-scale interconnected power systems.